//www.bufordhs.org/apps/classes/949192/assignments/ Class Name: Sports Medicine-2nd period Instructor(s): Bryan Rogers en-us SchoolSitePro //www.bufordhs.org/homeworkItem5455690 //www.bufordhs.org/apps/classes/949192/assignments/ ]]> Thu, 07 May 2020 12:15:08 PDT //www.bufordhs.org/homeworkItem5455681 //www.bufordhs.org/apps/classes/949192/assignments/ ]]> Thu, 07 May 2020 12:15:07 PDT //www.bufordhs.org/homeworkItem5455699 //www.bufordhs.org/apps/classes/949192/assignments/
Heart Attacks
A heart attack is a decline in the amount of blood supplied to the heart, which results in damage to the heart muscle. Heart attacks are also referred to as a coronary thrombosis, coronary occlusion, and myocardial infarction. Causes of heart attacks are most often related to blockages in the arteries that supply blood to the heart. Other causes are blood clots, artery spasms, and heart spasms. Spasms are caused by sudden shock, heart disease, or drugs, such as cocaine. Heart attacks can be fatal. However, with quick and correct treatment, most heart attack patients survive. In the most severe heart attack cases, the patient's heart will stop beating. In these situations, cardiopulmonary
resuscitation (CPR) is necessary. However, in less severe cases, treatment involves getting the patient to rest comfortably and watching for signs of breathing problems and shock until medical help arrives. Call EMS immediately for anyone with chest pain or other signs of heart attack, rather than trying to transport the person to a healthcare facility yourself.

Strokes
A stroke is the reduction or lack of blood supplied to the brain. Without blood, the brain cells do not receive oxygen and nutrients. The longer the stroke lasts, the greater the injury. After about four minutes, the brain cells are damaged. When this happens, the parts of the body controlled by the damaged part of the brain cannot function properly. Strokes are also referred to as apoplexy and cerebrovascular accident.
Causes of strokes include blockages in arteries that supply blood to the brain or hemorrhaging from a blood vessel located in the brain. Strokes can also result from high blood pressure, high cholesterol, heart disease, aging, heredity, obesity, smoking, diabetes, and drugs that cause blood clots or hemorrhaging. Severe strokes can be fatal. However, with quick and correct treatment, many stroke victims survive. If
treatment occurs at the very first sign of a stroke, the damage can be lessened, or even prevented.

Fainting
Fainting is a loss of consciousness that results from a temporarily reduced supply of blood to the brain. Causes of fainting include fatigue, heat stroke, extreme emotion, and illness or disease

Diabetic Reactions
Diabetes is a metabolic disorder. It is caused by the body's inability to produce any or enough insulin. Insulin is used by the body to get glucose from the blood to body cells. The body cells convert glucose into energy. Without insulin, too much glucose is left in the bloodstream. If not monitored properly, this overabundance of glucose results in a diabetic reaction. On the other hand, too much insulin can also cause
a diabetic reaction. Diabetic reactions include insulin shock and diabetic coma. Causes of reactions include a diabetic who eats too much sugar or takes too little or too much medication.

Seizures
Seizures are also called convulsions. Seizures begin as a sudden and severe uncontrollable contraction of muscles that causes the patient to become stiff. The sudden stiffness is quickly followed by involuntary movement. Patients may lose consciousness and stop breathing. They may lose control of bladder and bowels. And they might bite their tongues. When a seizure has ended, the patient will likely be confused
with a headache and exhaustion. It is not uncommon for the patient to be unresponsive or confused for a short time after a seizure.
Causes of seizures include elevated body temperature, head injuries, and brain diseases and disorders, most notably epilepsy. The greatest concern with seizures is that patients can hurt themselves while they are convulsing. So removing harmful objects from a seizure patient's path is the best way to prevent serious injury. The general principles of first aid management of seizures are to ensure an open airway and prevent injury.


]]> Thu, 07 May 2020 12:15:08 PDT //www.bufordhs.org/homeworkItem5455694 //www.bufordhs.org/apps/classes/949192/assignments/ The body works hard to keep itself cool. If body temperature rises just a few degrees, the heart must pump harder to get blood to the muscles and to the skin. Blood at the skin's surface helps the body perspire. Perspiration moistens and cools the surface of the skin. Usually this cooling system works. However, if too much water and salt are lost from the body through excessive perspiration, there can be
serious consequences. Overexposure to heat can cause a chemical imbalance inside the body. If the situation is not properly addressed, the effects can be fatal. Some causes of overexposure to heat include being in extreme heat for too long, working or exercising on a
hot day, and illnesses, such as heart conditions, diabetes, and high blood pressure. All of these occurrences can affect the body's ability to cool itself. When the body is unable to cool itself, a heat-induced condition occurs. These conditions include heat cramps, heat exhaustion, and heat stroke.

Exposure to Cold
Cold temperatures cause the body to shiver, which helps to keep it warm. However, even shivering is unable to keep the body warm in some conditions. Exposure to cold as a result of improper dress, immersion in very cold water, or as an affect of illnesses, can lower body temperature below the normal 98.6°F. Prolonged exposure to cold can cause hypothermia and frostbite.

Read the Lesson Transcript and complete the student worksheet and quiz.
]]> Thu, 07 May 2020 12:15:08 PDT //www.bufordhs.org/homeworkItem5455695 //www.bufordhs.org/apps/classes/949192/assignments/ Foreign bodies are objects or substances that have entered the body and do not belong there. Foreign bodies
range in seriousness from a simple splinter in a foot or finger to the life-threatening situation of an object
blocking a person's airway. The treatment for foreign bodies always involves removing the object. However,
the similarity ends there. The location of the foreign body determines the specific type of care that should be
provided.

Poisons
Poison is any substance that causes injury, illness, or death when it enters or comes in contact with the body.
Most poisonings occur in the home from household cleaners, beauty products, or other substances. They
may be swallowed, injected, inhaled, or absorbed through the skin. Another method of poisoning is abusing
alcohol or prescribed or illegal drugs. Poisoning can also be caused by plants, insect bites, jelly fish stings,
human and animal bites, and snakebites.
Exact treatment for poisoning varies according to the substance, the amount, and the way it enters the body.
Also, treatment for a conscious patient differs from that for an unconscious patient. Some poisons can be
fatal, so it is critical to treat poisoning quickly and correctly.

* Read the Lesson Transcript and complete the notes and quiz.
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Lesson 1: Wounds
A wound is an injury that damages the body's tissues. The two greatest concerns in regards to wounds
include excessive bleeding and infection. So it is important for a health care worker to know both how to
stop or slow bleeding and how to treat a wound properly to prevent infection.

After you finish this lesson, you will be able to:
• Define wound.
• Differentiate between closed and open wounds.
• Identify types of open wounds.
• Treat closed, minor open, and major open wounds.

Lesson 2: Burns
A burn is an injury caused by fire, heat, chemicals, radiation, or electricity. Burns are traumatic in that they
can cause extreme pain, permanent disfigurement, psychological problems, and even death. The three types
of burns are thermal, chemical, and electrical. And there are three classifications of burns. They are firstdegree, second-degree, and third-degree. In addition to type and classification, burns can also be described
by extent and severity of the injury.

After you finish this lesson, you will be able to:
• Define a burn.
• Identify types of burns.
• Classify burns as first-degree, second-degree or third-degree.
• Demonstrate how to treat a burn.
]]> Thu, 07 May 2020 12:15:08 PDT //www.bufordhs.org/homeworkItem5455686 //www.bufordhs.org/apps/classes/949192/assignments/ blood flow in the body, particularly to the brain and heart. As the body attempts to increase the blood supply
to the brain and heart, it reduces blood flow to other organs. Without proper blood flow, the body's organs
and tissues are deprived of oxygen. If left untreated, shock can be fatal, even in cases where the initial injury
was not fatal. Therefore, it is important to recognize shock and to know how to respond to it as an
emergency situation.

After you finish lesson 1, you will be able to:
• Define shock.
• Identify the causes of shock.
• List the symptoms of shock.
• Recognize the types of shock.
• Describe the procedure for treating shock.

Lesson 2: Bone and joint injuries are very common. They include fractures and breaks, dislocations, sprains, and
strains. Common causes for these injuries are falls and other accidents, working muscles too hard, and
sports injuries.

After you finish lesson 2, you will be able to:
• Define fractures, dislocations, sprains, and strains.
• Describe the symptoms for each type of bone and joint injury.
• Demonstrate proper care for a bone or joint injury.

]]> Thu, 07 May 2020 12:15:08 PDT //www.bufordhs.org/homeworkItem5455688 //www.bufordhs.org/apps/classes/949192/assignments/ ]]> Thu, 07 May 2020 12:15:08 PDT //www.bufordhs.org/homeworkItem5455680 //www.bufordhs.org/apps/classes/949192/assignments/ • Define emergencies and emergency medical services.
• Explain the importance of learning how to provide emergency care.
• Describe an effective first aid provider.
• State the principles of care.
• Explain legal issues related to emergency care, including Good Samaritan Acts and scope of practice.
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